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1 ξύλον
A Abh. Berl. Akad.1928(6).32
(Cos, v B. C.)), wood cut and ready for use, firewood, timber, etc., Hom., mostly in pl., Il.8.507, 547, Od.14.418 ; ξ. νήϊα ship-timber, Hes.Op. 808 ;ξ. ναυπηγήσιμα Th.7.25
, X.An.6.4.4, Pl.Lg. 706b, D.17.28 ; ξ. τετράγωνα logs cut square, Hdt.1.186, cf. Pl.Prt. 325d, Arist.EN 1109b7.2 in pl., also, the wood-market,ἐπὶ ξύλα ἰέναι Ar.Fr. 403
.II in sg., piece of wood, log, beam, post, once in Hom.,ξ. αὖον.. ἢ δρυὸς ἢ πεύκης Il.23.327
; ξ. σύκινον spoon made of fig wood, Pl.Hp.Ma. 291c ; peg or lever, Arist.MA 701b9 ; perch,ἐπὶ ξύλου καθεύδειν Ar.Nu. 1431
: by poet. periphr.,Ἀργοῦς ξύλον A.Fr.20
; ἵπποιο κακὸν ξ., of the Trojan horse, AP9.152 (Agath.): hence anything made of wood, as,2 cudgel, club, Hdt.2.63,4.180, Ar.Lys. 357, PHal.1.187 (iii B.C.);μετὰ ξύλων εἰσπηδῆσαι PTeb.304.10
(ii A.D.);ξύλοις συντρίψειν Luc.Demon.50
; of the club of Heracles, Plu.Lyc.30.3 an instrument of punishment,a wooden collar, put on the neck of the prisoner,ξύλῳ φιμοῦν τὸν αὐχένα Ar.Nu. 592
;ἐς τετρημένον ξ. ἐγκαθαρμόσαι.. τὸν αὐχένα Id.Lys. 680
; or,b stocks, in which the feet were confined, Hdt.9.37, 6.75, Ar.Eq. 367, D.18.129 ;ξ. ἐφέλκειν Polyzel.3
;ἐν τῷ ξ. δεδέσθαι Lys.10.16
(v. ποδοκάκκη), cf. Act.Ap.16.24, OGI483.181 (Pergam., ii A.D.): also in pl.,ἔδησεν ἐν τοῖς ξ. And.1.45
.c πεντεσύριγγον ξύλον (v. sub voc.) was a combination of both, with holes for the neck, arms, and legs, Ar.Eq. 1049.d gallows,κρεμάσαι τινὰ ἐπὶ ξύλου LXX De.21.22
; ξ. δίδυμον ib.Jo.8.29 : prov., ἐξ ἀξίου τοῦ ξύλου κἂν ἀπάγξασθαι, i.e. if one must be hanged, at least let it be on a noble tree, App.Prov.2.67, cf. Ar.Ra. 736 ; in NT, of the cross, Act.Ap.5.30,10.39.4 bench, table, esp. money-changer's table, D.45.33.5 πρῶτον ξύλον front bench in the Athenian theatre, Ar.Ach.25, V.90, cf. Sch.adlocc.: hence οὑπὶ τῶν ξύλων the official who had to take care of the seats, Hermipp.9 (according to Meineke).6 the Hippocratic bench, Hp.Fract.13, Art.72.III of live wood, tree,[ὄρος] δασὺ πολλοῖς καὶ παντοδαποῖς καὶ μεγάλοις ξύλοις X.An.6.4.5
, cf. Call.Cer.41, Agatharch.55, LXX Ca.2.3, al.: opp. σάρξ, Thphr.HP1.2.6,al. ;τῷ ξ. τοῦ δένδρου ἀνάλογον τὴν λεγομένην εἶναι γῆν Plot.6.7.11
;τὸ ξ. τῆς ἀμπέλου E.Cyc. 572
; εἴρια ἀπὸ ξύλου, of cotton, Hdt.3.47 ;εἵματα ἀπὸ ξύλων πεποιημένα Id.7.65
, cf.Poll.7.75.IV of persons, blockhead, APl.4.187 ; of a stubborn person,σίδηρός τις ἢ ξ. πρὸς τὰς δεήσεις Ach.Tat.5.22
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2 κολοκύνθη
Grammatical information: m. (sic)Meaning: `round gourd, Lagenaria vulgaris' (Hp., Com., Arist., pap.); κολοκυνθαρύταινα f. `spoon from K.' (pap.).Other forms: Att. - τη, later - υνθᾰ, - υντᾰ (Solmsen Wortforsch. 263) f., late also - υνθος (- υντος, - ιντος)Derivatives: Diminut. κολοκύντιον (Phryn. Com.), - υνθίς ` κολόκυνθα ἀγρία ' (Dsc., Gal.), - ύνθινος (- ύντινος, - ίνθινος) `made with κ.' (pap., Luc.), - υνθιάς f. `id.' (AP), - ών `plantation of k.' (pap.); ἀποκολοκύντωσις `change in pumpkin' (Seneca, D. C. 60, 35; parody after ἀποθέωσις, s. Stiebitz Μνῆμα f. Jos. Zubatý [Prag 1926] 391ff.). - Κολοκυνθώ f. PN; s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 309f.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: For the ending cf. the (foreign) plant-name in - υνθος, - ινθος (Chantraine Formation 370). The middelsyllable reminds of Lat. cucumis `cucumber', κύκυον τὸν σικυόν, κυκύϊζα γλυκεῖα κολόκυντα H.; loan from a common source, cf. W.-Hofmann s. cucumis, where he argues against connection with κυέω; s. also Kretschmer Glotta 15, 169 (against a most improbable hypothesis of Rozwadowski). An informant in Ath. 2, 58f says that it was intoduced from India; the comparison with Skt. kālindam n. `water-melon' and Kurd. kalak `melon' (Pott) is not very informative. - On the names of the gourd and cucumber in gen. s. Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 652ff.Page in Frisk: 1,902Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κολοκύνθη
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